no. indesign looks where you told it to look originally.

if you want it to move links into the links folder, you can either package the document into a new folder or you can go into the links palette and select "save links in" from the flyout and tell it to "copy link(s) to" the links folder.

but it won't know where you moved a file to after placing it unless you tell it to, so don't move a file outside of indesign after you've placed it if you don't want to have to go back and relink.